This is the final piece in a six-part series which will showcase the projects built by the Top 6 teams of the #SmartCities Hackathon. The Smart Cities hack was a two event hackathon organized by Hackmakers dedicated to finding innovative solutions to generate more awareness, stronger communications and quicker responses for tomorrow’s smart cities.
Team Torus Amir Kashapov, Abdulqader Atiya, Philip Zlatkovic, Abdullah Al Khayat | The team has come up with a solution to make truly smart cities with smart services by leveraging the power of an optionally privacy-preserving programmable blockchain. The team ranked #1 among all the participants in the hackathon. |
Hackathon Challenges
Smart Administration
Citizens’ are increasingly expecting higher quality services and responses to their needs; be it smarter governance, intelligent mobility or an overall safer city to live. The Smart Administration Challenge category can cover solutions that help cities manage public administration issues.
Safe Cities
Smart Transportation
Problem Statement
Good blockchains have proven that it is nearly impossible to break them by withstanding the tests of time. However they are:
Not secret if they are programmable,
Not programmable for extensibility, if they are secret, and
Not portable, scalable, cheap, or universal and if so usually lacking one of the former
All three are necessary for smart cities unless today’s blockchains are not a sufficient solution for adoption.
Motivation
To determine the need for a blockchain problem, Team Torus analyzed a 2016 survey conducted in Southern Australia examining the availability of digital services to the public and the likelihood of various age groups to use them.
It was found that substantial demand among the youth for all digital services declines with each. It was also found that the vast majority of traditional services are accessible online and becoming increasingly digitized, and the trend is likely to continue.
In order to adopt such services online in a convenient and a centralized manner, smart cities of the future will likely leverage the security of blockchains. But how do we reconcile the need for optional privacy, programmability, portability and scalability, since these features were always thought to be mutually exclusive.
Solution
The Torus Protocol unifies the above factors. It features:
Inherent Security due to good blockchain design
Optional Privacy by leveraging homomorphic encryption in addition to secure multi party computation (SMPC)
Scalability with the help of proof-of-stake consensus and directed acyclic graph implementation
Programmability & Portability through a hardware wallet called Torus Ring
The Torus Protocol is an all encompassing solution which integrates features which are expected from any smart city blockchain protocol.
Proof of Concept
In the context of smart cities and administration, optional privacy is an essential feature that will allow users to remain law-abiding yet invisible. Torus Protocol’s Proof of Concept demonstrates optional privacy as follows:
A Party, Alice, submits an encrypted smart contract to another party, Bob, who then chooses to sign and submit the encrypted smart contract
These centralised parties compute the results and post it to the blockchain, whereby separate results for Alice and Bob are decryptable only by them
Alice and Bob can later choose to reveal the contract and their individual results
Illustration – Proof of Concept
The proof of concept features the wallet system storing user parameters of blockchain and decryptable smart contracts. The user wallets have associated tiers which specify individuals legal authority from one upwards. In the given illustration, four simple transactions are conducted. The first and third are publicly visible transfers.
Office Alice submits an encrypted smart contract to Bob, asking him to verify his age
Bob signs the encrypted smart contract and in return requests verification that Alice has the authority to check
The results of this computation are encrypted and only available to Alice and Bob
Bob later chooses to decrypt his prior transaction to prove that he has already signed. He reveals the query and has resulted a blockchain but cannot reveal Alice’s result
Access Portal – Web Version
Torus Ring
Application of Torus Ring
Tools Used
Data Analysis with: | Prototyping with: | Others: |
Python | Python | Autodesk Autocad |
Minitab | Javascript | Autodesk Inventor |
| HTML | Lucidchart |
| CSS | |
| Wix | |
| Moqups | |
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Don’t forget to check out our Previous Winner Showcase Blogs for the Smart Cities Hackathon 2021:
Team Parkwhere – 2nd Position in Smart Cities Hackathon 2021
Team GTPLUS & WYHIL – 3rd Position in Smart Cities Hackathon 2021
Team Sheldonopolis – 4th Position in Smart Cities Hackathon 2021